This caught me out the other day and I had to find the answer deep within a Cisco document. To hopefully save someone else having to wade through all that, the commands to find out chassis serial numbers on the ASR9k are as follows:
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:nodename#admin
Thu Sep 25 14:15:16.645 BST
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:nodename(admin)#show dsc
Thu Sep 25 14:15:27.080 BST
---------------------------------------------------------
Node ( Seq) Role Serial State
---------------------------------------------------------
0/RSP0/CPU0 ( 0) ACTIVE ABC2345X678 PRIMARY-DSC
RP/0/RSP0/CPU0:nodename(admin)#
Err.... simple?